The Raft of the “Medusa” (Das Floß der Medusa)
for soprano, baritone, mixed chorus (and nine boy’s voices, soprano/alto) and orchestra (G)
(ger.) Text by Ernst Schnabel
Commissioned by the Norddeutscher Rundfunk
Year of composition 1968
Revised end 1990
Duration 70 minutes
In memoriam Ernesto Guevara
Part I: Embarkation for disaster
Charon’s prologue
Motto
Order of the day and roll-call
Journal of the passage
An answer
Attempts to save ship and men
Disembarkation
Ballad of betrayal
Song for new voices
Instructions for the second day
Part II: The ninth night and the morning
Report on the situation
Motto
Roll-call under the moon
The fatal reckoning
The ballad of the man on the raft
The fugue of the survivors and the prospect of rescue
Finale
World premieres
First transmission 9. december 1968
NDR Hamburg
Choir and Sinfonieorchester des NDR
Soprano Edda Moser
Baritone Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau
Narrator Charles Regnier
Conductor Hans Werner Henze
World premiere 29. january 1971
Wien
Choir and Sinfonieorchester des ORF
Soprano Edda Moser
Baritone William Pearson
Narrator Helmut Janatsch
Conductor Miltiades Caridis
Scenic world premiere: 15. april 1972
Nürnberg
Städtische Bühnen
Production Wolfgang Weber
Stage design Peter Heyduck
Costume design Margret Kaulbach
Choir master Adam Rauh
Conductor Hans Gierster
Comment
The score of this oratorio dates from the years 1967 - 68 in Marino where I wrote it after years of planning and following the completion of the libretto by the poet Ernst Schnabel, to whom I owe the original idea. The piece is a sung reading of the logbook of a ship accidentally wrecked on the open sea and laden with dying people. The dying are the people of the Third World, the victims of the heartless and selfish world of the rich and powerful. Ernst Schnabel also had the dramatic idea of dividing the platform into two halves, one for the living, the other for the dead. Charon the Ferryman, a speaking part, mediates between these two worlds, which also differ from one another in their complement of instruments. Breathing (wind) instruments are assigned to the living whilst the dead, who briefly intone classical Italian from Dante’s Inferno as they enter their new realm, are accompanied solely by strings.
The outside world – that is to say a quite different reality from that of my music – influenced the work during the course of its composition. Forced, as I was, to encounter this burning subject as a composer, to depict betrayal, misery, and desperation caused by suffering and madness and to identify with the victims who speak in this piece, I felt my self growing closer to them, and the love and solidarity I felt for the persecuted, for those who suffer and fear for their lives, for the minorities who represent the majority, for the humiliated and wounded, grew with it. Schnabel and I envisaged the work as an allegory, as a description of struggle: of a struggle for clear life, out of which the spirit to fight and the determination to end an unbearable state of affairs will one day emerge.
Hans Werner Henze
Cast
La Mort | soprano | |
Jean Charles | baritono | |
Charon | voce recitante | |
coro misto | chorus of the living | |
coro misto | chorus of the dead | |
coro di bambini |
Instrumentation
2 Flauti | 1° e 2° anche Ottavini |
2 Flauti | 3° e 4° anche Flauti contralti |
1 Oboe | |
1 Oboe d’amore | |
1 Corno inglese | |
1 Heckelphon | |
1 Clarinetto piccolo | |
1 Clarinetto | |
1 Clarinetto contralto | (o corno di bassetto) |
1 Clarinetto basso | |
1 Sassofono soprano | |
1 Sassofono tenore | |
2 Fagotti | |
1 Controfagotto | |
4 Corni | |
1 Tromba piccola | |
2 Trombe | |
1 Tromba bassa | |
1 Trombone contralto | (1 Trombone tenore) |
1 Trombone basso | |
1 Oficleide contralto | (o Bombardino) |
1 Oficleide basso | (o Trombone con pistone di quarta) |
1 Bombardone | (o Tuba in fa) |
1 Tuba wagneriana | |
1 Tuba bassa | |
1 Tuba contrabbassa | |
Timpani | |
Percussione | 3 Triangoli 3 Piatti sospesi Piatti a due 3 Gong Campane da gregge 5 Tamtam Tamburo basco Tamburo militare 3 Bongos Tablas Legno orientale Grancassa 2 Tescini cinesi Metal-blocks Cassettina di legno Maracas Guiro Fascia di bambù 3 Lastre di metallo Shell chimes Vibrafono Marimba Campane tubolari [per 5] |
2 Arpe | |
Pianoforte | |
Organo elettrico | |
Chitarra elettrica | |
Chitarra bassa elettrica | |
12 Violini | |
8 Viole | |
6 Violoncelli | |
4 Contrabbassi |